The dir
function in Python is a built-in function that provides a list of the attributes and methods available for an object. It is commonly used for introspection, which allows you to examine the properties and capabilities of an object during runtime. This function is useful for debugging and understanding how different objects in Python are structured.
dir
Function WorksThe dir
function returns a list of names of the attributes and methods associated with an object. If no object is specified, dir
returns the list of names in the current local scope.
**object**
(optional): The object whose attributes and methods you want to list. If omitted, dir
lists names in the current local scope.Output:
In this example, dir
returns a list of both standard attributes (such as __class__
and __dict__
) and user-defined attributes (attribute1
, attribute2
, method1
).
dir
Functiondir
to explore the attributes and methods of an object. This is especially useful when working with unfamiliar objects or libraries.dir
helps in debugging by listing all available methods and properties of an object, which can assist in understanding why certain operations may not be working as expected.dir
can be used to quickly discover available methods and attributes.Output:
Here, dir
lists all functions and attributes available in the math
module, aiding in exploring the module's capabilities.
The dir
function is a powerful tool in Python for examining the attributes and methods of objects. By using dir
, you can perform effective introspection, streamline debugging processes, and enhance interactive exploration of Python objects.